SESSION WATCH
Died HOUSE · SESSION 2026

No. HB 1271

Medical Debt
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SPONSOR
Nixon
FILED BY
Angela Nixon — District 13, Democrat [search donations]
EFFECTIVE
7/1/2026
DIED IN
Insurance & Banking Subcommittee

Filed under Healthcare.

PROVIDED SUMMARY

Medical Debt; Revises definition of term "extraordinary collection action" & defining term "prohibited collection actions."

Full bill text →

Plain English Summary

AI-GENERATED
Lets hospitals sell medical debt if buyers meet new protections.

Selling a patient's medical debt to a collector no longer automatically counts as an extraordinary collection action. It is exempt if the hospital's written agreement with the buyer bars prohibited collection tactics, caps interest, and lets eligible patients' debt be recalled.

A new definition of prohibited collection actions lists tactics medical creditors and debt collectors cannot use, including threatening arrest, seizing bank accounts, garnishing wages, foreclosing on real property, and reporting the debt to a credit bureau.

The revised list also adds seizing state or federal tax refunds and credits as a prohibited tactic, a category the current law does not mention at all.

At the same time, a current rule is deleted -- the one that treated deferring, denying, or demanding payment before giving medically necessary care over an unpaid, financial-assistance-eligible bill as an extraordinary collection action. Nothing replaces it.

KEY PROVISIONS
§ 1 Removes care-denial for unpaid bills from the ECA definition majors. 395.3011

AIDeferring, denying, or requiring payment before providing medically necessary care because a patient has not paid an earlier bill covered by the facility's financial assistance policy is deleted from the definition of an extraordinary collection action, with no replacement.

“Deferring, denying, or requiring a payment before providing medically necessary care because of the individual's nonpayment” bill text, line 62 →
§ 2 Exempts debt sales from ECA status if buyer meets conditions majors. 395.3011

AISelling a patient's debt to another party no longer automatically counts as an extraordinary collection action if, before the sale, the creditor has a binding written agreement with the buyer meeting specific consumer-protection criteria.

“except if, before the sale, the medical creditor has entered into a legally binding written agreement with the medical debt buyer” bill text, line 18 →
§ 3 Creates a defined list of prohibited medical debt collection actions majors. 395.3011

AIA new 'prohibited collection actions' definition lists specific tactics barred when collecting health care debt, including threatening arrest, obtaining a lien or foreclosing on real property, garnishing wages, and reporting the debt to a consumer reporting agency.

“Causing or threatening an individual's arrest” bill text, line 45 →
§ 4 Requires debt buyers to recall debt for financial-assistance-eligible patients moderates. 395.3011

AIAs one condition of that exemption, the debt must be returnable to or recallable by the medical creditor if the creditor or buyer determines the patient is eligible for financial assistance.

“The debt is returnable to or recallable by the medical creditor upon a determination by the medical creditor or medical debt buyer” bill text, line 27 →
§ 5 Adds tax refund and credit offsets to prohibited collection tactics moderates. 395.3011

AIThe new prohibited-actions list bars state or federal tax offsets used to seize a patient's tax refunds or tax credits to collect medical debt, a category not present in the current definition at all.

“State or federal tax offsets to seize tax refunds or tax credits” bill text, line 54 →
§ 6 Narrows barred property seizure to bank accounts specifically moderates. 395.3011

AIThe prior rule barred attaching or seizing a patient's bank account or any other personal property. The new prohibited-actions list keeps the bank-account language but drops the broader reference to other personal property.

“Attaching or seizing the individual's bank account or any other personal property” bill text, line 70 →
TIMELINE
3/13/2026
Died in Insurance & Banking Subcommittee
1/15/2026
Now in Insurance & Banking Subcommittee
1/15/2026
Referred to Commerce Committee
1/15/2026
Referred to Health Care Facilities & Systems Subcommittee
1/15/2026
Referred to Insurance & Banking Subcommittee
1/13/2026
1st Reading (Original Filed Version)
1/8/2026
Filed
1 EARLIER →
STATUTES IT CHANGES
s. 395.3011
+333 / −129