SESSION WATCH
Died HOUSE · SESSION 2026

No. HB 1489

Medical Debt Protection and Comprehensive Health Care for Residents
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SPONSOR
Joseph
FILED BY
Dotie Joseph — District 108, Democrat [search donations]
EFFECTIVE
July 1, 2026, but only if HB 1491 or similar legislation is adopted
DIED IN
Health Care Facilities & Systems Subcommittee

Filed under Insurance.

PROVIDED SUMMARY

Medical Debt Protection and Comprehensive Health Care for Residents; Requires large health care facilities to develop written financial assistance policies; provides financial assistance eligibility criteria; provides billing & collections rules & prohibitions; prohibits information relating to medical debt from being included in consumer reports, communicated with & reported to consumer reporting agencies, & used for certain decisions; prohibits medical creditors & medical debt collectors from engaging in certain acts during health insurance appeals; limits interest on medical debt under certain circumstances; creates Florida Health Plan; provides eligibility for & coverage of plan; authorizes Florida Health Board to establish financial arrangements with other states & foreign countries; authorizes plan enrollees to choose certain health care providers to have primary care providers & access to care coordination; authorizes enrollees to see health care specialists without referral; requires board to secure repeals & waivers of certain provisions of federal law; provides that plan's responsibility for providing health care is secondary to existing federal programs; requires plan to collect health care costs from collateral sources; prohibits patient care from being affected by fee schedules & financial incentives; prohibits noninstitutional & institutional providers that accept payments from plan from billing patients; provides requirements for capital expenditures by noninstitutional & institutional providers which exceed specified amount; requires Secretary of Health Care Administration to designate health planning regions; provides considerations for such designations; provides requirements for regional planning boards; prohibits certain health insurance policies & contracts from being sold in this state on & after specified date.

Full bill text →

Plain English Summary

AI-GENERATED
Creates a state-run health plan covering all residents at no cost.

Large hospitals, surgical centers, and high-revenue practices must adopt a written financial assistance policy, screen every patient for eligibility, and give free care to patients at or below 300 percent of the federal poverty level.

Medical debt can no longer be reported to credit bureaus, interest is capped at 2 percent a year, and collectors must wait 180 days and give 30 days' notice before wage garnishment, liens, or lawsuits.

A new Florida Health Plan would cover every resident, regardless of immigration status, with no premiums, deductibles, copayments, or other cost-sharing, and free choice of any participating provider without a referral to see a specialist.

Once the Florida Health Plan is operating, insurers could no longer sell any policy that duplicates its coverage anywhere in Florida. None of this, including the debt protections, takes effect unless a companion bill also becomes law this session.

KEY PROVISIONS
§ 1 Creates a state-run Florida Health Plan for all residents majors. 641.74

AICreates the Florida Health Plan, a new state-administered health system. Every resident of Florida is eligible for coverage regardless of immigration status, and nonresidents employed in the state, and retirees who later move away, can also qualify under separate terms.

“All residents of this state, regardless of immigration status, are eligible for the Florida Health Plan.” bill text, line 846 →
§ 2 Bans deductibles, copays, and other cost-sharing majors. 641.755

AIThe plan may not charge an enrollee any deductible, copayment, coinsurance, or other cost-sharing amount for a covered benefit. Care that the plan covers is delivered without any charge to the patient at the point of service.

“The plan may not impose a deductible, copayment, coinsurance, or any other cost-sharing requirement on an enrollee with respect to a covered benefit.” bill text, line 1062 →
§ 3 Bars sale of duplicate private health insurance once the plan operates major

AIOnce the Florida Health Plan becomes operational, no health insurance policy, health maintenance contract, or other contract that covers the same services the plan covers may be sold anywhere in Florida.

“any policy or contract that offers coverage for services covered by the Florida Health Plan may not be sold in this state” bill text, line 1741 →
§ 4 Bars providers who take plan payment from billing patients majors. 641.792

AIA noninstitutional health care provider that accepts any payment from the plan for a covered service may not separately bill the patient for that same service; the same balance-billing ban applies to institutional providers.

“Noninstitutional providers that accept any payment from the plan for a covered health care service may not bill the patient” bill text, line 1190 →
§ 5 Requires free or discounted care by income at large facilities majors. 381.4011

AIA large health care facility must screen every patient for financial assistance and give free care to patients at or below 300 percent of the federal poverty level, with sliding-scale discounts up to 600 percent of that level.

“Patients with household incomes at or below 300 percent of the federal poverty level shall receive free care.” bill text, line 364 →
§ 6 Caps cumulative annual medical bills at $2,300 for lower earners majors. 381.4011

AIA patient with household income at or below 400 percent of the federal poverty level cannot be charged more than $2,300 total per year in medical bills across large health care facilities. Once the patient requests it and documents reaching that cap, anything billed above it must be provided as free care.

“patients with household incomes at or below 400 percent of the federal poverty level may not be required to pay more than $2,300 per year” bill text, line 386 →
§ 7 Bans reporting medical debt to consumer reporting agencies majors. 381.4011

AINo one may communicate medical debt information to a consumer reporting agency, and a report already containing medical debt may not be used as a negative factor in a credit, employment, or housing decision.

“A person may not communicate with or report any information to any consumer reporting agency regarding a medical debt.” bill text, line 657 →
§ 8 Lets enrollees see any specialist without a referral moderates. 641.755

AIA person enrolled in the plan may choose any qualified, licensed, participating provider and does not need a referral from a primary care provider before seeing a health care specialist.

“A plan enrollee does not need a referral to see a health care specialist.” bill text, line 1056 →
TIMELINE
3/13/2026
Died in Health Care Facilities & Systems Subcommittee
1/15/2026
Now in Health Care Facilities & Systems Subcommittee
1/15/2026
Referred to Health & Human Services Committee
1/15/2026
Referred to Health Care Budget Subcommittee
1/15/2026
Referred to Health Care Facilities & Systems Subcommittee
1/13/2026
1st Reading (Original Filed Version)
1/9/2026
Filed
1 EARLIER →
STATUTES IT CHANGES
s. 381.4011
+10 / −0
s. 381.4011
+5766 / −0
s. 641.71
+0 / −0
s. 641.799
+0 / −0
s. 641.71
+13 / −0
s. 641.72
+239 / −0