THE BILL ITSELF
HJR 619
State Reapportionment
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House Joint Resolution
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A joint resolution proposing an amendment to Section
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16 of Article III of the State Constitution to revise
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reapportionment methods and revise upward the number
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of Senate and House districts.
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Be It Resolved by the Legislature of the State of Florida:
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That the following amendment to Section 16 of Article III
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of the State Constitution is agreed to and shall be submitted to
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the electors of this state for approval or rejection at the next
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general election or at an earlier special election specifically
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authorized by law for that purpose:
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ARTICLE III
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LEGISLATURE
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SECTION 16. Legislative apportionment.—
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(a) INDEPENDENT REDISTRICTING COMMISSIONS. The state
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shall be apportioned by three independent redistricting
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commissions, one each for the senatorial, representative, and
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congressional reapportionment process.
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(1)a. Each redistricting commission will establish a
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screening panel consisting of 37 members. The president of the
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senate, speaker of the house of representatives, minority leader
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of the house of representatives, and minority leader of the
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senate shall each appoint nine members. The chief justice of the
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supreme court shall appoint one member.
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b. To apply for the commissioner position, each applicant
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must have voted in two out of the last three presidential
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elections and two out of the last three gubernatorial elections.
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The following persons may not apply for a commissioner position
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or serve as commissioner:
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1. Someone currently serving, or who has served, in an
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office or position which is filled by vote of the electors.
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2. Someone who, within the past 14 years, has been a party
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officer, a registered lobbyist, paid while working as part of a
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campaign staff, or has worked for the executive office of the
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governor.
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3. Someone who, within the past 18 years, has worked for
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the Florida Legislature.
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4. Any parent, spouse, child, sibling, parent-in-law,
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child-in-law, or sibling-in-law of, or a cohabitating member of
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a household, of those mentioned in sub-subparagraphs 1. through
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3.
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c. After review, the screening panel will select for
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further consideration 15 applicants from each of the following
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categories:
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1. Applicants who are registered members of the political
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party that received the most votes in the last statewide
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election.
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2. Applicants who are registered members of the political
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party that received the second-most votes in the last statewide
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election.
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3. Applicants who are registered as independent or minor
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party affiliates.
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The screening panel shall ensure the selected applicants are, as
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a whole, representative of the racial, ethnic, geographic, and
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gender diversity of the state.
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(2)a. The president of the senate, the speaker of the
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house of representatives, the minority leader of the house of
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representatives, and the minority leader of the senate may each
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strike two applicants from each of the categories described in
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sub-subparagraphs (1)b.1. through 3.
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b. The screening panel shall then randomly draw five
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applicants from each of the categories described in sub-
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subparagraphs (1)b.1 through 3. to create each final independent
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redistricting commission.
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(3) The initial group of commissioners shall start their
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terms in 2027. Each commissioner shall serve a 10-year term and
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may not serve consecutive terms. A person running for office may
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not have served on the commission that drew the district for
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that office during their term or within 10 years after the
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promulgation of those maps.
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(4) A member of the commission shall receive compensation
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fixed at the legislative per diem rate during commission travel
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and meetings and shall be allowed all reasonable and necessary
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expenses incurred in the performance of their duties.
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(5)a. All meetings shall take place in person and be
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streamed on the Florida channel.
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b. All records and documents of the commission, including
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any individual or group performing delegated functions of the
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commission or advising the commission, related to the
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commission's work shall be considered public record. This
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includes internal communications of the commission and
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communications made to the commission.
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c. Commissioners, staff of the commission, and any other
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advisor or consultant to the commission may only communicate
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with any person outside the commission about matters related to
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reapportionment in a public meeting or hearing. This does not
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include written public comments submitted to the commission,
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staff of the commission, or any other advisor or consultant to
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the commission.
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(6) If the commission hires legal counsel the commission
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as an entity shall be considered the client.
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(7) The commission shall establish and maintain a public
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website or other equivalent electronic platform to share
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information about the commission's activities. Prior to voting
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on any proposed plan, the commission must publish the proposed
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plan to the website. The website must:
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a. Be capable of receiving comments and proposals by
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citizens of the state.
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b. Include a public submission portal, for map drawing,
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which shall open on the website on January 1st of the year
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ending in one.
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c. Include all data used by the commission in the drawing
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of districts. Such data, including census data, precinct maps,
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election results, and shapefiles, shall be posted to the website
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within three days of receipt by the commission.
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(b) DISTRICT MAPS.
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(1) Each commission shall reapportion the state by
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creating three district maps. Each map shall be drawn according
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to Sections 20 and 21 of Article III.
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(2) The commission shall adopt three final district maps.
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The maps must be approved by at least two-thirds of the
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commissioners, including at least 2 commissioners registered as
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independent or minor party affiliates.
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(3) Before adopting a final map, the commission must hold
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at least 2 public hearings in each state appellate district and
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at least 2 public hearings in each county with a population of 1
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million or more to seek public input. All meetings and hearings
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held by the commission shall be adequately advertised and
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planned to ensure the public is able to attend and participate
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fully. Meetings and hearings must have advertisements in, at
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minimum, the following languages: English, Spanish, Haitian
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Creole, and Portuguese.
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(c)(a) SENATORIAL AND REPRESENTATIVE DISTRICTS. The
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legislature at its regular session in the second year following
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each decennial census, by joint resolution approved by a
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majority vote of each chamber, shall adopt one of the maps
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created by the commission to apportion the state in accordance
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with the constitution of the state and of the United States into
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not less than thirty nor more than sixty forty consecutively
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numbered senatorial districts of either contiguous, overlapping
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or identical territory, and into not less than eighty nor more
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than one hundred eighty twenty consecutively numbered
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representative districts of either contiguous, overlapping or
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identical territory. A map from the commission may be amended by
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the legislature, but only if the amendment is approved by a
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three-quarters vote of each chamber. The legislature must adopt
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a final map by the earlier of July 1st of a year ending in one
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or 60 days after receipt of census data. The legislature shall
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be barred from all other involvement. The legislature may
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authorize an extension until December 15th in the event of an
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extraordinary circumstance. As used in this subsection, an
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"extraordinary circumstance" means an invasion of the state by a
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hostile foreign power and recognized as such by an act of
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Congress, a pandemic declared as such by the President of the
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United States, or a natural disaster declared as such by the
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President of the United States Should that session adjourn
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without adopting such joint resolution, the governor by
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proclamation shall reconvene the legislature within thirty days
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in special apportionment session which shall not exceed thirty
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consecutive days, during which no other business shall be
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transacted, and it shall be the mandatory duty of the
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legislature to adopt a joint resolution of apportionment.
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(d)(b) FAILURE OF LEGISLATURE TO APPORTION; JUDICIAL MAP
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SELECTION REAPPORTIONMENT. In the event a special apportionment
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session of the legislature fails to adopt finally adjourns
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without adopting a joint resolution of apportionment, the
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supreme court shall select the most compact map out of the three
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submitted without amendment. The supreme court may hire up to
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two special masters for assistance the attorney general shall,
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within five days, petition the supreme court of the state to
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make such apportionment. No later than the sixtieth day after
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the filing of such petition, the supreme court shall file with
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the custodian of state records an order making such
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apportionment.
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(e)(c) LEGAL CHALLENGES TO JUDICIAL REVIEW OF
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APPORTIONMENT. Within fifteen days after the passage of the
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joint resolution of apportionment, the attorney general shall
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petition The supreme court of the state shall have original and
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exclusive jurisdiction of any case for a declaratory judgment
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determining the validity of the apportionment. The supreme
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court, in accordance with its rules, shall permit adversary
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interests to present their views and, within thirty days from
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the filing of the petition, shall enter its judgment. A justice
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who has a close relationship with a member of the United States
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Congress or of the legislature has a conflict of interest in the
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case and may not participate in any hearing or decision related
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to a case brought under this paragraph. As used in this
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paragraph, "close relationship means" a parent, spouse, child,
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sibling, parent-in-law, child-in-law, or sibling-in-law of, or a
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cohabitating member of a household with a member of the United
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States Congress or of the legislature.
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(f)(d) EFFECT OF JUDGMENT IN APPORTIONMENT; EXTRAORDINARY
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APPORTIONMENT SESSION. A judgment of the supreme court of the
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state determining the apportionment to be valid shall be binding
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upon all the citizens of the state. Should the supreme court
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determine that the apportionment made by the legislature is
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invalid, the governor by proclamation shall reconvene the
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independent redistricting commissions to determine and propose a
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reapportionment plan to remedy the unlawful or unconstitutional
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district in a manner that minimally interferes with other
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districts legislature within five days thereafter in
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extraordinary apportionment session which shall not exceed
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fifteen days, during which the legislature shall adopt a joint
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resolution of apportionment conforming to the judgment of the
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supreme court.
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(e) EXTRAORDINARY APPORTIONMENT SESSION; REVIEW OF
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APPORTIONMENT. Within fifteen days after the adjournment of an
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extraordinary apportionment session, the attorney general shall
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file a petition in the supreme court of the state setting forth
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the apportionment resolution adopted by the legislature, or if
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none has been adopted reporting that fact to the court.
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Consideration of the validity of a joint resolution of
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apportionment shall be had as provided for in cases of such
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joint resolution adopted at a regular or special apportionment
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session.
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(f) JUDICIAL REAPPORTIONMENT. Should an extraordinary
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apportionment session fail to adopt a resolution of
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apportionment or should the supreme court determine that the
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apportionment made is invalid, the court shall, not later than
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sixty days after receiving the petition of the attorney general,
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file with the custodian of state records an order making such
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apportionment.
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BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the following statement be
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placed on the ballot:
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CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT
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ARTICLE III, SECTION 16
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STATE REAPPORTIONMENT.—Proposing an amendment to the State
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Constitution to revise reapportionment methods by creating three
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independent redistricting commissions, for the House of
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Representatives, Senate, and congressional reapportionment
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process, respectively, require the legislature to approve a map
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created by such commission, revise upward the number of Senate
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districts, from 40 to 60, and House districts, from 120 to 180,
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and establish procedures for when the legislature fails to
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select a district map.
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BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the following statement be
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placed on the ballot if a court declares the preceding statement
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defective and the decision of the court is not reversed:
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CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT
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ARTICLE III, SECTION 16
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STATE REAPPORTIONMENT.—Proposing an amendment to the State
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Constitution to revise the reapportionment process by creating
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three independent redistricting commissions: one for the House
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of Representatives, one for the Senate, and one for
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congressional districts; establish a screening panel and
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procedure to review commission applicants; providing that
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commissioners will be compensated at the legislative per diem
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rate; providing commission meeting requirements and
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responsibilities; providing that if a commission hires an
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attorney, the commission shall be considered the client;
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requiring at least 15 public hearings be held across the state;
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requiring each commission to draw district maps based solely on
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constitutional provisions; requiring that three final maps be
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approved by at least a two-thirds supermajority, including votes
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from at least two independent or minor party affiliates;
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requiring the Legislature to select one map from the three
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submitted, by a majority vote, not subject to a gubernatorial
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veto; providing that the Supreme Court shall have original and
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exclusive jurisdiction over any litigation related to a district
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map; increasing the number of Senate districts from 40 to 60 and
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House of Representative districts from 120 to 180; providing
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requirements for the adoption of the final maps; providing that
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if the Legislature fails to adopt a joint resolution, the
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Supreme Court shall select the most compact map from the three
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submitted, but may not amend any map; providing that if the
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Supreme Court finds the Legislature's adopted map invalid, the
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Governor shall reconvene the commissions to create a lawful
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replacement.